Poverty prevents good life and good living together. Poverty touches deepest layers of human identity. How to succeed in fighting poverty? To answer this question, it is necessary to have a notion of poverty, a theory of justice (why poverty is an evil that must be fought?) to develop and implement strategies. The present book should just make this. On the basis of good examples and best practices a horizon of poverty alleviation is developed. It is argued that poverty reduction can not be done without the willingness to reduce privileges. It is not only the question “Why are you poor?” to provide, but also the question “Why do you live in prosperity?”. Research on poverty and welfare research are to each other.