Professorships under § 98 UG are generally advertised as permanent positions.
A appointments committee appointed by the Senate submits a proposal to the Rector, who makes the final selection of the most suitable candidate.
Successful candidates receive the title “Univ.-Prof.”
The key steps in the procedure are: advertisement, external review, hearing, proposal for appointment, selection decision, appointment interview (negotiation).

Professorships under § 99 (1) UG are advertised as fixed‑term positions. They may become permanent following a new appointment procedure pursuant to § 98 UG. These professorships are often endowed professorships; the available resources (salary) depend on the donor.
After consulting with university professors from the relevant field, the Rector makes the selection decision.
Successful candidates receive the title “Univ.-Prof.”
The key steps in the procedure are: advertisement, statement or hearing involving university professors of the relevant field, selection decision, appointment interview (negotiation).

Calls for applications under § 99 (4) UG target university lecturers (Universitätsdozentinnen*) and associate professors.
Successful candidates receive the title “Univ.-Prof.”
The key procedural steps are: advertisement, statement or hearing involving university professors of the relevant field, selection decision, appointment interview (negotiation).

Professorships under § 99 (5) UG are aimed at early‑career researchers following completion of a doctorate, though applications from candidates who have already completed a Habilitation are also possible. The employment contract is initially fixed‑term. After taking up the position, a qualification agreement is concluded; fulfilment of this agreement leads to permanent employment.
Successful candidates receive the title “Ass.-Prof.” and, after completing the qualification agreement, “Assoz.-Prof.”
The key steps in the procedure are: advertisement, hearing, external review, proposal for appointment, selection decision, conclusion of contract.

Professorships under § 99a UG serve to attract outstanding researchers. These professorships are limited to a maximum of five years and are not publicly advertised. Permanent employment is possible after a qualification assessment.
Successful candidates receive the title “Univ.-Prof.”
The key procedural steps are: external review, public lecture at the university, statements from university professors of the relevant department and other qualified academics, statements from the members of the departmental council and faculty council, statement from the Senate, statement from the Dean of the relevant faculty, statement from the students’ representatives, review of statements, selection decision, appointment interview (negotiation).